生物資訊 近期相關生物資訊
近期相關生物資訊
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2023-04-01
棘冠海星 Acanthaster planci
棘冠海星 Acanthaster planci
腕足較一般海星多，可達10至20隻之間。且體表佈滿細長而尖銳的毒刺，刺的表皮上有毒腺細胞，且具有毒叉棘，會分泌神經毒素，人類如被刺到會引起紅腫疼痛。
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2023-04-01
海膽石鱉 Acanthopleura spinosa
海膽石鱉 Acanthopleura spinosa
其體長可達8-10公分，有約莫8片明顯且呈黑褐色的殼板，殼板表面平滑，整體微彎曲，背面周圍環帶上密布長而尖的黑褐色棘刺。對棲地有一定的忠誠度，在潮水周期結束後，牠們會回到原來的藏蔽棲所。
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2023-04-01
環鋸棘頭帕海膽 Prionocidaris baculosa
環鋸棘頭帕海膽 Prionocidaris baculosa
牠們的大棘變異極大，長度可長達約等於殼徑長，甚至殼徑兩倍長。攻擊性較強，雖為雜食性，但也會攻擊、啃食其他海膽。
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2023-04-01
珠鏈單鰓海星 Fromia monilis
珠鏈單鰓海星 Fromia monilis
體表密布著不規則多角形的顆粒，上、下緣板均清楚可辨。皮鰓單個出現，圍繞在骨板邊緣，口面體盤的皮鰓很少或無。體盤中央及腕足的末端為紅色，顏色相當鮮豔。
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2023-04-01
染斑海兔 Aplysia Juliana
染斑海兔 Aplysia Juliana
體部顏色多變，淺褐色體表上有不規則灰色斑點；以各種海藻為食，體色和花紋也會變得跟環境相似。牠們在受到刺激的時候乳白線會釋出具有刺激性的白色乳狀液體化學物質。
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2023-04-01
蟬形齒指蝦蛄 Odontodactylus scyllarus
蟬形齒指蝦蛄 Odontodactylus scyllarus
身體幾乎呈現淺、深綠色，有著明亮的橙色觸角，以及鮮紅的短剛毛與捕食的附肢，顏色非常多彩，又以雄性更為鮮艷。捕食會用自身的彈力，透過附肢攻擊並打碎獵物外殼。牠們極具領地意識，會透過後部肌肉收縮產生的振動聲發出警告。
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2022-04-01
尾斑鈍鰕虎White-spotted goby
科別：鰕虎科Gobiidae
學名：Amblygobius phalaena又名環帶鰕虎、尾斑鈍鯊。身體長而圓，吻部圓鈍，體側具有黑色以及亮藍色直條紋，鰓的上方有1個黑色斑塊，尾鰭近基部上側有1到2個黑斑，最大體長15公分。
尾斑鈍鰕虎同常會單獨行動或成對出現，多棲息在珊瑚礁或藻礁邊緣的泥沙底部，或是具海草的海床，以濾食一口又一口的底質獲取藻類、有機物、及小型底棲生物為食，吃進的多餘細沙會藉由鰓排出。Also known as white-barred goby and sleeper banded goby. White-spotted goby has a cylindrical body covered with black and bright blue stripes on both sides of its body and a blunt snout. There is a black patch above its gills, and 1 or 2 black spots on the upper side of the caudal fin near the base. Its maximum body length is 15 cm.
White-spotted goby can be found in Solitary or in pairs, inhabiting coastal reefs on sand and rubble margins of algal reefs and sometimes near seagrass beds. It feeds on small invertebrates, organic matter, and large quantities of algae by sifting mouthfuls of sand and expelling it through the gills. -
2022-04-01
細紋唇齒鳚Jewelled blenny
科別：鳚科Blenniidae
學名：Salarias fasciatus細紋唇齒鳚的背鰭基部有小黑斑形成網狀紋。腹鰭、胸鰭、臀鰭和尾鰭皆散布黑褐色小點，最大體長14公分。常形單影隻地出現在礁砂混合區域及具藻叢的礁岩上，以刮食藻類、碎屑等為食。
Jewelled blenny has small black spots which forming a mesh pattern at the base of the dorsal fin. There are small dark spots scattering on its pelvic, pectoral, anal and caudal fins. Its maximum body size is 14 cm in length.
Jewelled blenny is usually found solitary in areas of mixed coral, sand, rubble, and in weedy areas on rocks and coral outcrops, and feeding by scraping off algae, detritus, etc.
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2022-04-01
六點范氏鰕虎Sixspot goby
科別：鰕虎科Gobiidae
學名：Valenciennea sexguttata又稱白鰕虎。鰓蓋上有數個淡藍色斑點，第一背鰭末端有一黑斑，最大體長14公分。通常會成對或成群的出現在海灣或潟湖中的泥沙地區域。受到驚嚇會立即躲入洞穴中。肉食性，以小型底棲無脊椎動物為食。
Also known as chalk goby. Sixspot goby has several blue spots on its operculum and a black tip at its first dorsal fin. Its maximum body length is 14 cm.
Sixspot goby is commonly seen in pairs or aggregations and usually found in silty or sandy areas of lagoons and bay. It mainly feeds on small benthic invertebrates. When the sixspot goby gets frightened, it will immediately hide in its den. -
2022-04-01
斑馬凹尾塘鱧Chinese zebra goby
科別：凹尾塘鱧科 Ptereleotrinae
學名：Ptereleotris zebra體色灰白略偏黃色或綠色，在眼睛下方有一塊鑲著藍邊的紫斑延伸至頰面。其偏黃色的胸鰭基部，有一鑲著藍邊、略寬的橘紅色條狀紋。最大體長12公分。常成群出沒在有強烈水流的區域以捕食浮游生物，主要棲息在開闊、面海的珊瑚礁淺海域。
Also known as Zebra barred dartfish. Chinese zebra goby is yellowish to greenish gray in color and lower half of eye to ventral of chin nearly enclosed by a broad blue-edged purple area. Its pectoral fins, base with an orange-red bar broadly bordered with bright blue, are yellowish. The maximum body length is 12 cm.
It is found to be subjected to strong currents feeding on planktons and usually in small to large aggregations. It inhabits exposed seaward reefs in relatively shallow water. -
2022-04-01
斑點鈍鯊Spotted prawn-goby
科別：鰕虎科Gobiidae
學名：Amblyeleotris guttata又稱黑喉橘點鰕虎。最大體長11公分，身體呈淺黃色，體側散布許多橘黃色圓斑，腹側在胸鰭前、後方各有大型三角形黑色斑塊，腹鰭相連癒合形成一吸盤狀。主要棲息在開闊、有粗砂礫的面海珊瑚礁區，並與槍蝦互利共生。
Spotted prawn-goby can grow up to 11 cm in length. It has a yellow body with several orange spots scattered on sides, and with large triangular black patches on the front of and behind the pectoral fins. Its pelvic fins are modified as a suction disk.
Spotted prawn-goby is usually found in expanses of coarse sand on seaward reefs and has symbiotic association with the alpheid shrimps. -
2022-04-01
黑唇絲鰕虎Yellow prawn-goby
科別：鰕虎科Gobiidae
學名：Cryptocentrus cinctus又名黃金鰕虎。黑唇絲鰕虎的個體差異大，有黃色、棕色、灰色等個體，鰓蓋及身體有淡藍色斑點，最大體長10公分。棲息在珊瑚礁的砂質地形，會與老虎槍蝦(Alpheus bellulus)共用同一巢穴並互利共生。老虎槍蝦負責維護巢穴內部結構，黑唇絲鰕虎負責看守家門。
Yellow prawn-goby varies greatly in appearance, ranging from yellow to brown and even to gray. It has blue spots scattered on the operculum and body. Its maximum body length is 10 cm.
It inhabits the sandy areas of coral reefs and living in a burrow having symbiotic association with the tiger pistol shrimp (Alpheus bellulus). While the tiger pistol shrimp maintains the internal structure of the burrow, the yellow prawn-goby guards at the entrance. -
2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】北極The Arctic
這裡的氣候寒冷，環境非常嚴苛，在這裡生活的動物，不論是陸上還是海裡，都自有一套生存的本領，讓我們一起來看看吧。
The climate here is cold and the environment is very harsh. The animals living here, whether on land or in the sea, have their own sets of survival skills. Let's take a look together!
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】北極兔
北極兔
北極的冬天來臨，苔原覆上厚厚的冰雪，變成一片銀白色的世界。揉揉眼睛，白茫茫的雪地上，似乎有什麼東西在動？原來是一隻北極兔。牠已換上一身白毛，成為最好的保護色。北極兔有寬大如雪鞋的腳掌，跑動時不會陷入厚雪當中。牠有時會用後腳站立，伸直耳朵探聽附近有沒有掠食者出現。
Arctic Hare
With the approach of the Arctic winter, the tundra is covered with thick ice and snow, turning it into a silvery white world. Rub your eyes and look closely. Isn’t there something moving on the white snow? It turns out to be an Arctic hare! Its hair has changed into a coat of white fur, camouflaging it from predators. Arctic hares have wide paws like snowshoes, so they do not get caught in the thick snow when they move. Sometimes they stand on their hind legs and stretch their ears to listen for predators in the vicinity.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】雪鴞
雪鴞
不過擁有敏銳聽覺的不只是北極兔，雪鴞利用銳利的視覺與聽覺來搜尋獵物。更致命的是，由於飛羽邊緣的鋸齒狀結構，雪鴞飛行時不會發出一點聲響，是真正的沈默殺手。
Snowy Owl
The Arctic hare is not the only animal with acute hearing. Snowy owls use their sharp vision and hearing to search for prey. What makes them even more deadly are the serrated leading edges of their feathers, which allow the owls to fly without a sound. They are true silent killers.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】旅鼠
旅鼠
雪鴞最喜歡的獵物就是旅鼠了。旅鼠是北極苔原生態系最主要的獵物，旅鼠數量充足的年份，諸如雪鴞等掠食者會因為食物充足而生育眾多；旅鼠數量少的年份，掠食者的族群也會因食物不足而下降。
Lemming
The snowy owl's favorite prey is definitely the lemming. In years when there are sufficient numbers of lemmings, this abundant food source will allow predators such as snowy owls to raise many offspring. Conversely, in years when there are only a few lemmings, predator populations will decline due to a lack of food.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】北極狐
北極狐
北極狐也以旅鼠為主要的食物，牠可以聽到或嗅到旅鼠在雪地下的活動，讓旅鼠無所遁逃。食物缺乏時，北極狐發揮機會主義者的本性，牠會跟隨北極熊，等待獵食完畢後剩下的食物殘渣。
Arctic Fox
The Arctic fox also feeds on lemmings, which it can hear or smell moving under the snow. The lemmings have no place to hide! When food is scarce, the arctic fox is an opportunist and will follow polar bears, waiting for the leftover food scraps after the bears have had their fill.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】北極熊
北極熊
等待了好幾個月，北極海面終於又結成冰，北極熊總算可以踏上冰面展開重要的獵海豹旅程。因為地球暖化的影響，北極海結冰的時節越來越晚，北極熊能夠狩獵的時間也越來越短。北極熊是游泳高手，牠在浮冰間悄悄地移動埋伏，藉此出其不意地獵捕在冰上休息的海豹。
Polar Bear
After months of waiting, the Arctic Sea has frozen over again and polar bears can finally step onto the ice to start their important seal-hunting journey. Polar bears are expert swimmers and move quietly between ice floes to ambush seals resting on the ice. Because these waters have been freezing later and later every year due to global warming, the timeframe for polar bears to hunt has been getting shorter and shorter.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】環斑海豹
環斑海豹
環斑海豹用強健的爪子在厚冰上挖出呼吸洞，當掠食者靠近時，牠可以快速經由呼吸洞躲進海裡。冬季已近尾聲，海豹媽媽用冰雪建造巢穴，並在裡面生下寶寶。當暖化造成冰雪減少，巢穴建造與維持不易，海豹寶寶更容易被北極熊發現並捕食。
Ringed Seal
Ringed seals use the claws on their foreflippers to dig breathing holes in the thick ice. When predators such as polar bears approach, the seals can quickly hide in the sea. As winter draws to a close, mother seals build ice-lined maternity lairs and give birth to their pups. With global warming causing ever less snowfall and thinner ice, it has become harder to build and maintain a lair, and baby seals are more likely to be found and preyed upon by polar bears.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】海象
海象
海象的體型龐大，雄海象可重達1.5公噸。牠們用兩根長長的犬齒在海床挖掘食物，最喜歡的食物是貝類，一餐可以吃掉6000個蛤蠣！
Walrus
Walruses are large, with males weighing up to 1.5 tons. They use their pair of long tusks to dig for food on the seabed. Their favorite food is shellfish, and they can consume up to 6,000 clams in one meal!
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】白鯨
白鯨
春夏時節，北極海逐漸從冰封解放，在白令海度冬的白鯨群沿著白令海峽進入北極海沿岸，年復一年，牠們總是會回到這片出生的海域。
Beluga Whale
In the spring and summer, the frozen Arctic Sea gradually melts and the beluga whales that have spent the winter in the Bering Sea gain access to the Arctic Sea coastline through the Bering Strait. Year after year without fail, they always return to the area where they were born.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】大西洋海鸚鵡
大西洋海鸚鵡
夏季裡，大西洋海鸚鵡成群在海岸峭壁上築巢繁殖。牠們有一項絕技，就是會潛入水中追捕魚群，在嘴上啣著十幾條小魚，一口氣帶回巢餵養飢腸轆轆的雛鳥。
Atlantic Puffin
During the summer, Atlantic puffins flock to the coastal cliffs to build their nests and breed. One of their signature tricks is to dive into the water to hunt for fish and bring a dozen small fish to their nest to feed their hungry chicks.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】北極燕鷗
北極燕鷗
北極燕鷗是候鳥遷徙的極致表現，每年遷徙的距離超過80000公里！北極燕鷗是追逐日光的鳥，夏季裡，牠們飛回北極附近的出生地，在海岸或苔原築巢養育寶寶；直到夏季末尾，北極燕鷗又會再度啟程，往地球另一端的南極飛去。
Arctic Tern
The Arctic tern is the ultimate example of a migratory bird, traveling over 80,000 kilometers each year! In a globe-trotting pursuit of daylight, Arctic terns fly back to their birthplaces near the North Pole during the summer to build nests on the coast or tundra and raise their offspring. At the end of the summer, they set off again for the other side of the world, the South Pole.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】南極洲Antarctica
南極洲是地球上最寒冷的地方，冬季時，南冰洋的海水結成了冰，南極大陸周圍的冰層變成夏天時的兩倍大，嚴寒的氣候迫使許多動物離開南極周圍，向北移至較溫暖的地方。
Antarctica is the coldest place on earth. In winter, the waters of the Southern Ocean freeze over and the ice sheet surrounding the Antarctic continent becomes twice as large as it is in summer, forcing many animals to leave the area around the Antarctic and move north to warmer places.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】帝王企鵝
帝王企鵝
看似死寂的冰凍世界裡，竟然有一種動物選擇在此刻進行生育小孩的任務，那就是帝王企鵝。帝王企鵝是企鵝家族中體型最大的，層層覆蓋的羽毛以及厚厚的脂肪，可以抵禦零下50度的低溫與強風。小企鵝在冬季末尾孵化，爸媽輪流跋涉至數十公里外的海中捕食，餵養小企鵝長大。
Emperor Penguin
In this seemingly desolate frozen world, one kind of animal chooses to carry out the task of giving birth to its offspring, and that is the emperor penguin.The emperor penguin is the largest of the penguin species, with layers of feathers and thick fat that can withstand temperatures as low as -50°C and strong winds. The baby penguins hatch at the end of winter and the parents take turns to trek to the sea dozens of kilometers away to hunt food and feed their chicks.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】威德爾海豹
威德爾海豹
另一種逗留在南極地區渡冬的動物是威德爾海豹，牠們會用牙齒在冰上鑿出一個呼吸洞，出入冰面和海中。春天裡，海豹媽媽在冰上產下寶寶，海豹母乳的脂肪含量高達百分之六十，小海豹在一週後體重就可以翻倍成長。
Weddell Seal
Another animal that stays in the Antarctic during the winter is the Weddell seal, which utilizes its teeth to carve a breathing hole in the ice to get in and out of the sea. In the spring, mother seals give birth to their pups on the ice. The fat content of seal milk is as high as 60%, and the baby seals can double their weight in a week.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】巴布亞企鵝
巴布亞企鵝
當夏季來臨，海冰漸漸融化，動物們紛紛回到南極。巴布亞企鵝需要在沒有冰雪覆蓋的地面築巢生蛋，因此牠們選擇在氣候較為溫和的南極半島海岸邊群聚繁殖。
Gentoo Penguin
When summer comes, the sea ice melts and animals return to the Antarctic. Gentoo penguins need to build nests and lay eggs on snowless ground, so they choose to breed on the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula, where the climate is milder.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】賊鷗
賊鷗
巴布亞企鵝想要成功養育下一代不是容易的事，賊鷗在旁虎視眈眈，牠們常常成對行動，一隻負責引開企鵝爸媽，一隻負責把蛋偷走。雖然背負罵名，但為了在食物缺乏的南極生存，這樣的覓食策略還是必須的。
Skua
It is not easy for Gentoo penguins to raise their offspring successfully, as the mischievous south polar skuas are watching closely for a chance to take a chick as prey. Although skuas have a bad reputation, such a foraging strategy is necessary to survive in the Antarctic, where food is scarce.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】信天翁
信天翁
信天翁是世界上翼展最長的鳥類，除了繁殖期間會降落陸地之外，其他時候幾乎都在遠洋的空中漂泊。信天翁以烏賊、小魚為食，而南冰洋就是牠們廣大又富足的漁場。
Albatross
The albatross is the bird with the longest wingspan in the world. Except for landing while breeding, it spends almost all of its time drifting in the air in distant oceans. The wandering albatross feeds on squid and small fish, and the Southern Ocean is its vast and abundant fishing ground.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】南極磷蝦
南極磷蝦
不過同樣把極地海域當作漁場的還有人類，大型的漁船在這裡捕捉冰魚與南極磷蝦等漁業資源。南極磷蝦是南極食物網的關鍵物種，是最重要的食物，也是企鵝、海豹、鬚鯨夏季前來南極的理由。
Antarctic krill
But humans also use the polar seas as prime fishing grounds, where large fishing boats catch arctic fish and other fishery resources such as Antarctic krill. Antarctic krill is a critical species in the Antarctic food chain, the most important food source for many creatures and the reason why penguins, seals, and baleen whales come to the Antarctic in the summer.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】座頭鯨
座頭鯨
座頭鯨是鬚鯨的一種，牠們沒有牙齒只有鯨鬚板，一口吞下混有磷蝦的海水，再將水透過鯨鬚板濾出。
Humpback whale
Humpback whales are a species of baleen whales that do not have teeth but only comb-like plates of baleen. They take in seawater containing krill and filter the water through the baleen.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】豹海豹
豹海豹
豹海豹的體重可達600公斤，牠們的食物包括磷蝦、魚、烏賊，但靠著強而有力的流線型身軀，巨大的下巴，以及銳利的牙齒，豹海豹更是讓企鵝聞風喪膽的兇猛掠食者，牠們潛藏在水中，於冰塊邊巡視，等待企鵝進入海中的那一刻。
Leopard Seal
Leopard seals can weigh up to 600 kg and their food includes krill, fish, and squid. But with their strong and powerful streamlined body, huge jaws, and sharp teeth, leopard seals are also a fierce and terrifying predator of penguins. They hide in the water, patrolling around the ice, waiting to ambush penguins the moment they enter the sea.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】虎鯨
虎鯨
豹海豹雖然已是頂級的掠食者，一旦遇上了虎鯨，豹海豹便成為了獵物。虎鯨好比海中的狼群，當牠們成群合作狩獵時，甚至可以獵食其他體型更為巨大的鯨魚。
Killer Whale
Although leopard seals are already apex predators, once they encounter orcas, they become prey. Orcas, also called killer whales, are like wolves of the sea. When they hunt together in packs, they can even hunt other whales that exceed them in size.
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2022-01-11
【極境漫遊66.5度】藍鯨
藍鯨
地球上最大的動物——藍鯨，也來到了廣闊的南冰洋。這位海中巨人的體長可達30公尺，體重接近180公噸，一天可吃下5000公斤的磷蝦！南北極的生態是這樣的豐富而無可取代。在讚嘆自然的同時，我們也要正視人類對環境造成的影響，極力做出改變，讓南北極的冰凍樂園能夠永遠存續。
Blue Whale
The largest animal on earth, the blue whale, has also arrived in the vast Antarctic Ocean. This behemoth of the sea can reach 30 meters in length and weigh nearly 180 tons, and it can consume 5,000 kilograms of krill a day! The ecology of the polar seas is extremely rich and irreplaceable. While admiring nature, we should also address the impact of human beings on the environment and try our best to make changes so that the frozen paradise of the Arctic and Antarctic regions can thrive in perpetuity.